06 October 2025

aFRR in Spain: what really changed with PICASSO

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aFRR in Spain: what really changed with PICASSO

Spain introduced a new national aFRR (automatic Frequency Restoration Reserve) market in November 2024 as a preparatory step, and then fully connected to the PICASSO European platform on 17 June 2025. This shift has reshaped how bids are submitted (including asymmetric bids), how prices form, and where the value lies upward and downward.

Key takeaways

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aFRR in Spain: what really changed with PICASSO

aFRR in Spain: what really changed with PICASSO

Key takeaways

Poland BESS Revenue Forecast, July 2026: market fundamentals

NEM pre-dispatch prices explained: how Ko can analyse them

NEM BESS Outlook July 2026: The merchant investment case for grid-scale batteries

PJM's 2028/29 capacity auction: prices remain at the cap as the crunch continues

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